This file type includes high resolution graphics and schematics. Piping systems are often not self-supporting because of routing, length, and weight factors. Weight loads include the weights of pipes, ...

Behold the beam, an amazing structural element that bends when loaded — but one that must not bend too much. A fallen tree spanning the banks of a river was perhaps the first beam used by primitive ...

Arup's’ research into alternative production techniques and materials has focused on the potential of 3D printing metal in the construction sector. Complex and individually designed steel structural ...